Herskovits. Dahomean Narrative

Today's free book is Dahomean Narrative; a cross-cultural analysis by Melville J. and Frances S. Herskovits (1958). For the table of contents, check at the bottom of this post below the image.

The book is available at Hathi Trust (I have not checked for other online sources).



Table of Contents

DAHOMEAN NARRATIVE FORMS

1 Some general considerations
2 Methodology
3 The problem of classification
4 The hwenoho
5 The heho
6 The narrative form
7 Riddle, proverb, and verse
8 Narrative and the changing culture
9 The system of values as revealed in narrative forms

A CROSS-CULTURAL APPROACH TO MYTH

1 Some problems in the study of myth
2 Sibling rivalry and the Oedipus theorem
3 The mystique of the archetype
4 Functional and ritualistic approaches to myth
5 Toward a general theory of myth

THE NARRATIVES

Exploits of the Gods

1 To each is given his dominion
2 The rule of sky and earth delimited
3 Sogbo becomes master of the Universe
4 Sagbata's control of earth stabilized
5 Sun god brings iron to man
6 Serpent as head-rest for an overburdened earth: Why mountains hold riches: Reason for earthquakes
7 The first human family: The people who descended from the sky
8 Origin of the people of the Agblo quarter
9 How Legba became chief of the gods: How magic became a human skill: Man against creator: How magic spread
10 How Legba became guardian of men and gods: Why the dog is respected
11 Why Legba may take all women
12 Why trickster has a bad name: Creator tricked: Why the sky is high
13 The first humans: Missionary version of Legba rejected
14 Why monkey did not become man
15 Mawu's ways are just
16 The son who surpassed his father: Why a faint rumble succeeds loud thunder
17 Stealing fire from the Creator: Why Chameleon and Tortoise are respected
18 The good child: The tail that talked: Changing to stone: From animal to thunder-god
19 Why a promise to the vodun must be kept
20 How the vodum came to Dahomey
21 Cult Separatism and the Great Gods

Divination

22 The origin of Fa
23 The coming of Fa
24 Introduction of the Fa cult
25 How divination became the voice of the gods
26 The good child and the bad: The magic gourds: Punishment for revealing secret
27 Flight up the tree: Diviner saves hunter
28 Tortoise as diviner for animals
29 How Tortoise got his shell: Tortoise becomes diviner
30 Monkey's ingratitude: Why one does not deceive the diviner
31 Why one does not displease the diviner
32 The dove that sacrificed and the one that failed to sacrifice
33 The boxing contest: Bird outwits Elephant: Why Titagweti is honored at death
34 Goat's life saved by sacrifice: Why goats avoid rain
35 Outwitting creditors: The diviner's parable
36 Outwitting creditors: Rabbit tricks Death
37 Legba's wives reconciled: Why Rabbit is head of the animals and Leopard their king: Why Agbe is spotted
38 Why the king of the beasts, the king of the birds, and the king of the fish prey on their subjects
39 Seeking poverty
40 How Pig came to live with Man

Hunter Stories

41 Origin of medicine: Little folk of the forest give men their gods
42 Hunters bring vodun from the forest
43 Why some animals may not be killed without a sacrifice
44 False friendship: Hunter betrays Rabbit
45 False friendship: Why lions kill hunters
46 Serpent gives riches: Why women are not told secrets
47 Hunter's magic powers: The password: Luwe and Serpent give riches: Why one never tells women the truth
48 Revealing secret identity: Animal ancestry taunted: Understanding bird language: Why one never tells a woman the truth
49 Revealing secret identity: Why animals no longer change into women
50 Why human beings are no longer sacrificed to bring rain
51 The flight up the tree
52 Why Dog must be fed
53 The chosen suitor
54 Hunter's magic brings to life Girl-born-to-die
55 When animals were men: Hunter is entitled to his kill
56 Hunter cures boastfulness
57 Hyena into suitor: Why women do not travel great distances alone
58 Tell-tale grease: Why Cat goes on all fours
59 Mock funeral: Hyena plays dead

Enfant Terrible Tales: twins, orphans and the abnormally born

60 Strife amongst royal abnormally born: Royal seducer must not be named: Why Tohosu have separate houses
61 Contest between Tohosu and twins: Substitute victim: Changing into stone
62 Contest between Tohosu and twins: Substitute victim: Changing into stone
63 Flight up the tree: Why hunters do not tell what they see in the forest
64 Twins seek riches: Why fathers must be obeyed
65 Flight up the tree: Why the Abiku are worshipped in the bush
66 Flight up the tree: Why there are yehwe
67 Market of the dead: Why those who die do not return to life
68 Orphaned twins visit dead mother: Market of the dead: Mistreatment avenged
69 The good child and the bad
70 Orphan outwits trickster: Why orphans are not mistreated
71 Slandering co-wives: Death befriends victim: Public contest: Abiku avenged
72 Identity revealed: Outwitting the Abiku
73 How the Tohosu cult was established
74 The Tohosu appear on the battlefield and win a bloodless victory

Yo Stories

75 Profitable amends: A wife for one cowry
76 Profitable amends: A wife for one cowry
77 Tie me: Elephant no scapegoat
78 Tie me: How kings keep promises
79 Tree into woman: The king must not take the wife of a poor man
80 False friendship: The killing fire: Why Lizard does not talk
81 False friendship: Tar drum: Guessing names: Why dogs are killed
82 False friendship: Killing Leopard and his children
83 The young are more cunning
84 Yo visits Thunder-god: Why axe strokes make echoes
85 Take my place: False friendship
86 Yo as cicatrizer: Killing boatman's children: Why Yo does not live with the gods
87 Bargain with death: Substitute victims: Boxing contest: Rabbit as king of the bush
88 The greed test: Dog's head in the path
89 The greed test: Why Yo is an unwelcome companion
90 Tables turned: Diviner saves goat from Yo's greed
91 Mock sunrise: Tables turned

"Historical Tales": exploits of the Aladahonu dynasty

92 Origin of the royal sib: Magic flight
93 Origin of the royal sib
94 Origin of the royal sib
95 How the Aladahonu dynasty came to rule the plateau of Abomey
96 Early days of the Aladahonu dynasty
97 War by ruse: Why women must not be told secrets
98 How tribute to the King of Ayo was ended
99 Death as raider of the king's sons: The wilful heir-apparent
100 Royal exiles: Royal daughter as trickster
101 King as spurned suitor: Poor stranger as king's conscience: King above morality
102 How Behanzin fought against the whites

Tales of Women: love, intrigue, and betrayal

103 Woman tempts cult initiate: Lover makes supreme sacrifice: Initiation period reduced
104 The faithless wife: Love knows no fear: Creator moved to pity
105 The faithless wife: Death as a moralist
106 Fate of a faithless royal wife
107 Slandering co-wife: Why there are several attendants at childbirth
108 Wives cure boastfulness
109 Guessing a hair-tying conundrum: Wife as Informer

Explanatory and Moralizing Tales

110 Human ingratitude: Why the races of man differ in color
111 Why there are liars, adulterers, and thieves
112 Outwitting creditors: Why the Ado birds circle about cattle
113 Elephant is no riding horse: Why Hetable cries, "Take him away"
114 Magic to overcome anxiety: Turtledove cannot change its nature: What Turtledove says
115 How Parakeet came to speak
116 Field-clearing contest: Dilemma of conflicting tasks: Why the woodpecker pecks
117 Hen goes to live among men: Why chickens and hawks are enemies
118 Strained friendship: Friend as hostage: Why Frog is in the water and Tortoise gives fire
119 Why Tortoise lives in the bush
120 Why animals do not talk
121 Rivalry for power: Why the Gha monkey has red buttocks
122 Unnatural mother: Why Monkey's mouth is black and her
buttocks are red
123 Unnatural mother: Why the Monkey has red buttocks, a large chest, and flat belly
124 Outwitting an enemy: Goat as trickster: Why one must have cunning
125 How the hyenas forfeited their office as burial chiefs: Why there is the Dokpwegan
126 Why Hyena has no friends
127 Mock funeral: Hyena plays dead: Why Hyena lives alone
128 The youngest is most cunning
129 False friendship: The youngest is the most cunning
130 False friendship: The youngest is the most cunning: Why Leopard meets his enemy face-to-face
131 The corrupt seek to spread corruption: The young are cunning
132 Sweet potato transformed into man: Origin taunted: Why one does not say what is forbidden
133 Testing loyalties: The dilemma of conflicting tasks: Why a man's best friend is first
134 Why a brother may not take a brother's wife
135 A man does not take a king's wife
136 Outwitting an enemy: The killing wheel: Why children are never left alone
137 Why sacrifices are made to the ancestors: Why man should not learn animal speech
138 Strife among brothers: Firefly wins over fire: Why the improvident son does not succeed his father
139 The relay race: Why a man without family holds his peace
140 The parakeet as master linguist: Superficiality ridiculed
141 The sad turtledove learns how to have a family: Sexual knowledge should not be exchanged
142 Appearances are deceiving
143 Revolt against pretender
144 A challenging task to gain a wife: Ancestral gods must be propitiated

Miscellaneous Tales

145 Origin of Lake Nohwe
146 Origin of Lake Nohwe
147 Twin becomes river-spirit: Taboo against pork
148 The origin of the Kolo Zogbanu clan
149 Origin of the Aganavi Mulanu clan
150 Why the Ayatovi Gamenu do not eat ram
151 Visit to the world of the dead
152 Confirmation of a chief
153 Dangerous hospitality: Outwitting giants: Lion brought to judgment: Powerful escape vengeance: How kings profited from the law of collective responsibility
154 Punishment by indirection: Outwitting justice by solving a riddle
155 The password: Outwitting thieves